远程教育起源的原因是什么?

胡静婕

2019-11-18 11:10:49

远程教育起源的原因是:很多在职人员没有时间去学校学习。远程教育为更多在职人员提供业余学习的机会,帮助他们提高专业素质和学历水平。

远程教育的含义:远程教育,在教育部已出台的一些文件中,也称现代远程教育为网络教育,是成人教育学历中的一种。是指使用电视及互联网等传播媒体的教学模式,它突破了时空的界线,有别于传统的在校住宿的教学模式。使用这种教学模式的学生,通常是业余进修者。

远程教育的优势:

(1)资源利用最大化。各种教育资源库通过网络跨越了空间距离的限制,使学校的教育成为可以超出校园向更广泛的地区辐射的开放式教育。

(2)学习行为自主化。网络技术应用于远程教育,其显著特征是:任何人、任何时间、任何地点、从任何章节开始、学习任何课程。网络教育便捷、灵活的“五个任何”,在学习模式上最直接体现了主动学习的特点,充分满足了现代教育和终身教育的需求。

(3)学习形式交互化。教师与学生、学生与学生之间,通过网络进行全方位的交流,拉近了教师与学生的心理距离,增加教师与学生的交流机会和范围。

(4)教学形式修改化。

(5)教学管理自动化。计算机网络的教学管理平台具有自动管理和远程互动处理功能,被应用于网络教育的教学管理中。

FreeMarker template error (DEBUG mode; use RETHROW in production!): The following has evaluated to null or missing: ==> ResContent [in template "h5/ask/detail.html" at line 75, column 3] ---- Tip: If the failing expression is known to be legally refer to something that's sometimes null or missing, either specify a default value like myOptionalVar!myDefault, or use <#if myOptionalVar??>when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthesis: (myOptionalVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionalVar.foo)?? ---- ---- FTL stack trace ("~" means nesting-related): - Failed at: ${ResContent("229")!} [in template "h5/ask/detail.html" at line 75, column 1] ---- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:131) at freemarker.core.UnexpectedTypeException.newDesciptionBuilder(UnexpectedTypeException.java:77) at freemarker.core.UnexpectedTypeException.(UnexpectedTypeException.java:40) at freemarker.core.NonMethodException.(NonMethodException.java:46) at freemarker.core.MethodCall._eval(MethodCall.java:84) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:78) at freemarker.core.DefaultToExpression._eval(DefaultToExpression.java:80) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:78) at freemarker.core.Expression.evalAndCoerceToString(Expression.java:82) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:41) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:324) at freemarker.core.MixedContent.accept(MixedContent.java:54) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:324) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:302) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:325) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:367) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:284) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:234) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:167) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:303) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1257) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1037) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:980) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:897) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:970) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:861) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:624) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:846) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:731) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at com.xyz.tools.web.filter.CommonFilter.doFilter(CommonFilter.java:277) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:197) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.handleRewrite(RuleChain.java:176) at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.RuleChain.doRules(RuleChain.java:145) at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriter.processRequest(UrlRewriter.java:92) at org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter.doFilter(UrlRewriteFilter.java:389) at com.xyz.tools.web.filter.SubUrlRewriteFilter.doFilter(SubUrlRewriteFilter.java:58) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:218) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:110) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:506) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:169) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:962) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:452) at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1087) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:637) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:316) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)