2024年大连交通大学研究生考试《外语》精选备考练习题库及答案
本文内的大连交通大学研究生考试《外语》练习试题及答案是优题宝题库根据研究生考试《外语》相关知识点整理的考试题库，对热点考题和重难点题目进行了仔细的整理和汇编，希望能让您在题目练习的过程中充分了解和掌握相关考点，你也可以通过“研究生考试题库优题宝”小程序使用“智能出题”功能进行其他试题的练习，祝您顺利通过考试。以下为本考试部分试题内容（参考答案见文章末尾）。
1、A) proceeded
B) produced
C) pronounced
D) progressed
A.
B.
C.
D.
2、The writer's experiment shows that downshifting _______ .
A.enables her to realize her dream
B.helps her mold a new philosophy of life
C.prompts her to abandon her high social status
D.leads her to accept the doctrine of She magazine
3、In this way these insects show an efficient use of their (sound-produced) ability, (organizing) two sounds (delivered) at a high rate as one (call).
A.sound-produced
B.organizing
C.delivered
D.call
4、To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered ______.
A.in well-worded language
B.as awkwardly as possible
C.in exaggerated statements
D.as casually as possible
5、To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, "all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing". One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have tights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal tights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care re search. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.
For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers net to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines. Ask if she opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she re plied, "Then I would have to say yes". Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, "Don't worry, scientists will find some way of using computers". Such well-meaning people just don't understand.
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way—in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal re search seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
Much can be done. Scientists could" adopt" middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal re search, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.
The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to ______.
A.call on scientists to take some actions
B.criticize the misguided cause of animal rights
C.warn of the doom of biomedical research
D.show the triumph of the animal rights movement
6、The tradition of hospitality to strangers______
A.tends to be superficial and artificial
B.is generally well kept up in the United States
C.is always understood properly
D.has something to do with the busy tourist trails
7、Which is one of the difficulties to change the way children eat?
A.Some public-health officials think it's impossible.
B.There are less and less home-cooking in the country.
C.Many parents are not aware of the importance to cook better meals.
D.Fast-food companies are not investing enough in new food for children.
8、Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
Sharks have gained an unfair reputation for being fierce predators of large sea animals. Humanity's unfounded fear and hatred of these ancient creatures is leading to a worldwide slaughter that may result in the extinction of many larger, coastal shark species. The shark is the victim of a warped attitude of wildlife protection: we strive only to protect the beautiful, nonthreatening parts of our environment. And, in our efforts to restore only nonthreatening parts of our earth, we ignore other important parts.
A perfect illustration of this attitude is the contrasting attitude towards another large sea animal, the dolphin. During the 1980s, environmentalists in the U.S.A. protested the use of driftnets for tuna fishing in the Pacific Ocean since these nets also caught dolphins. The environmentalists generated enough political and economic pressure to prevent tuna companies from buying tuna that had been caught in driftnets. In contrast to this effort, the populations of sharks in the Pacific Ocean have decreased to the point of extinction and there has been very little effort by the same environmentalists to save this important species, of marine wildlife. Sharks are among the oldest creatures on earth, having survived in the seas for more than 350 million years. They are extremely efficient animals, feeding on wounded or dying animals, thus performing an important role in nature of weeding out the weaker animals in a species. Just the fact that species such as the Great White Shark have managed to live in the oceans for so many millions of years is enough proof of their efficiency and adaptability to changing environments. It is time for humans, who may not survive another 1000 years at the rate they are damaging the planet, to east away their fears and begin considering the protection of sharks as creatures that may provide us insight into our own survival.
The main focus of this passage is ______.
A.why sharks have such a bad reputation
B.how sharks become some of the oldest creatures on earth
C.how sharks illustrate a problem in wildlife protection
D.why the campaign to save dolphins was not extended to save sharks
9、The author states that a supply of non-human workers for low IQ jobs would _____.
A.substitute them for humans completely.
B.benefit man mentally and physically.
C.give rise to the opposition from geneticists.
D.be a disadvantage to many human workers.
10、Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date?
Many people are afraid to assert themselves, Dr. Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and Talk Back, thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole set-up is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti, "There's always 'superior' around a parent, a teacher, a boss who 'knows better'. There superiors often gain when they chip away at your self-image."
But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people assert themselves. They offer "assertiveness training" courses, AT for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more active without hurting other people.
In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an AT course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But, AT uses an even stronger motive—the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.
Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to doubt your own good sense. You go by the other person 's demand. But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.
As used the first line, the phrase "talk back" means ______.
A.persuade somebody to change his mind
B.answer showing disagreement
C.talk and go back
D.fight bravely
11、 The (1)_____ of the fluorescent tube (2)_____ a major revolution in the development of better and cheaper lighting. First shown at the New York and San Francisco World (3)_____ in 1939, this more efficient, more diffuse, longer-lived lamp has been (4)_____ improved, so that slowly it (5)_____ the supremacy of the incandescent household globe. The fluorescent tube (6)_____ Australian homes, shops and factories today is seven or eight times (7)_____ the tubes that brought shadow-free lighting to many of Britain's wartime factories. Its (8)_____ too, is much greater—from 2,000 hours in 1940 to mc/re than 7, 500 hours today.
But (9)_____ its (10)_____ use for more than 30 years, the fluorescent tube remains a
(11)_____ to many of its users. It is built (12)_____ a completely different (13)_____ from the incandescent light. In the incandescent bulb, a tungsten wire (14)_____ than a human hair, is brought to white-hot temperature by passing an electric (15)_____ through it. In the fluorescent tube a stream of electrons bombards a gas containing mercury, (16)_____ invisible ultraviolet radiation. The ultraviolet rays hit the fluorescent coating that (17)_____ the tube, (18)_____ it to grow. A 40 watt fluorescent tube gives twice as much light as a 100.watt tungsten globe, (19)_____ about five times as long, and runs cool enough to (20)_____ higher levels of light.
A.discovery
B.invention
C.convention
D.creation
12、Which benefits have to be demanded?______
A.Unemployment
B.Flat rate
C.Supplementary
D.None of the above
13、According to the passage, pessimists believe that
A.the future of the world will be better and better.
B.technological advances will destroy the human race at last.
C.human technological advances are useless in people's life.
D.there is no need to develop technology.
14、When the Federal Communications Commission proposed giving low-power radio stations licenses on the FM dial, they knew they'd get flak from big broadcasting. The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), after all, spends millions of dollars every year lobbying to keep everybody else off the radio spectrum—even locally managed, noncommercial stations that broadcast only within a four-mile radius. Sure enough, when the FCC proposed its new regulations, the NAB began screaming about all the terrible things those tiny radio transmitters could do to the big ones, whose signals are 500 times as strong and whose reach is nearly 20 times as far.
It was a pretty thin argument. So thin, in fact, that for a while if appeared the proposed regulations might survive the lobbying onslaught. And then the FCC and its allies ran into a most unlikely opponent, one with the moral authority to do real damage to their cause: National Public Radio. One might easily assume that NPR would look out for the public interest. After all, NPR was born from the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, which called for it to "encourage the development of programming that involves creative risks and that addresses the needs of unserved and underserved audiences" while creating "programs of high quality, diversity, creativity, excellence, and innovation which are obtained from diverse sources." The charter, in other words, describes exactly the kind of programming low-power radio might provide, particularly in rural or heavily immigrant communities where locally oriented programming could be more useful than nationally syndicated shows. But the well-meaning lefties at NPR didn't see low-power radio as a potential ally or kindred spirit. They saw it just as the big broadcasters did—as a threat—and tried to squash it in much the same way.
They may have succeeded. NPR's lobbying supported a last-minute rider in December's Senate appropriations bill (which eventually became law). This amendment severely handicaps the low-power radio initiative. Specifically, it limits the licensing of low-power radio to just nine test markets, enforcing restrictions that effectively keep it out of urban are as and other major markets. It also mandates testing to determine the economic impact on established broadcasters. And, though John McCain has vowed to continue the fight for low power, for now at least NPR has won the day.
The primary motivation behind opening the airwaves to low-power radio was to undo the damage wrought by the Telecommunications Act of 1996. That law was supposed to increase competition on the airwaves. Instead, it consolidated control of radio stations in the hands of a few large, national companies that syndicate programs (or even whole broadcasts) to their affiliates, thus squeezing out local programming. By allowing small, noncommercial stations, to break into the spectrum, the FCC hoped to reintroduce local material in places where it has all but vanished. In its application process, the FCC privileged local content and community involvement—for example, assigning spectrum space to stations in primarily Latino areas that broadcast family-planning information in Spanish. Part of the application asked aspiring broadcasters how their stations would serve their neighborhoods.
From the text we can infer that the NAB represents______.
A.backers of commercial radio
B.National Public Radio
C.large radio stations in the U.S.
D.companies which produce large radio transmitters
15、From the text, we can infer that
A.most of the apprentices in Mr. Burrows' shops can complete the scheme.
B.there is no appropriate way to avoid the apprentices' theft or lateness in the shop.
C.whether they pass the NVQ or not, the apprentices always feel cheerful.
D.during the course of obtaining the NVQ, the apprentices are just rivals, not friends.
16、【C16】
A.months
B.dollar
C.family
D.year
17、It can be inferred that the lack, of systemic reviews should be mainly blamed on______.
A.the publishing system
B.the policy system
C.social science authors
D.scientific researchers
18、This song _______his life’s dream and ardent love of life.
A.incorporated
B.initiated
C.exposed
D.embodied
【参考答案】
1B
2B
3A
4D
5A
